Search results for "Cognitive avoidance"
showing 6 items of 6 documents
A comparison of two approaches to the assessment of coping styles
1997
Abstract This study examined the association of coping style classifications based on (a) dispositional vigilance (VIG) and cognitive avoidance (CAV) and (b) trait anxiety and social desirability (SD). 281 subjects (123 men, 158 women) completed questionnaires to assess these variables. By applying median splits, subjects were divided into high and low scorers on each dimension. According to both classifications, four coping style groups were operationally defined on the basis of the respective dichotomized variables. Results yielded convergent assignments of repressers (low anxiety and high SD; low VIG and high CAV, respectively), sensitizers (high anxiety and low SD; high VIG and low CAV)…
When scary messages backfire: Influence of dispositional cognitive avoidance on the effectiveness of threat communications
2010
We examined whether individual differences in cognitive avoidance influence the effectiveness of threat communications in changing attitudes and intentions regarding health-promoting behaviors. Two-hundred ninety-seven participants completed a measure of dispositional cognitive avoidance and read either a high or a low threat communication. We found that after a high threat message, low cognitive avoiders reported more favorable attitudes toward and intentions to adopt the action recommendation than high cognitive avoiders. The recommended response was appraised more positively by high cognitive avoiders after the low threat message than after the high threat message. Exactly the opposite p…
Psychologische Operationsvorbereitung, Stressbewältigung und perioperativer Status
2008
Zusammenfassung. In Studien zum Einfluss einer psychologischen Operationsvorbereitung auf den postoperativen Anpassungsstatus von Patienten wurde bislang einer möglichen Interaktion der Art der Vorbereitung mit Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen des Patienten nur wenig Beachtung geschenkt. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Analyse von Wechselwirkungen zwischen unterschiedlichen Formen der psychologischen Operationsvorbereitung und bestimmten Merkmalen des Patienten im Hinblick auf subjektive und objektive Indikatoren der perioperativen Patientenbelastung. In einer Untersuchung an 97 chirurgischen Patienten (Nasennebenhöhlen- oder Septumoperationen; 66 Männer und 31 Frauen) konnte nachgewiesen wer…
Interactive Effect of Dispositional Cognitive Avoidance, Magnitude of Threat, and Response Efficacy on the Persuasive Impact of Threat Communications
2012
This internet study investigated the effect of individual differences in cognitive avoidance on the persuasive impact of threat communications. A total of 289 participants completed a measure of dispositional cognitive avoidance and read either a high- or a low-threat communication that provided either an effective response to reduce the threat or not. We found that cognitive avoidance did not moderate the effect of magnitude of threat when response efficacy was low. By contrast, cognitive avoidance was relevant when efficacy was high: After a high-threat message, low cognitive avoiders reported more favorable attitudes toward and intentions to adopt the action recommendation than high cog…
Cognitive avoidance, positive affect, and gender as predictors of the processing of aversive information
2008
Abstract The study investigated the influence of cognitive avoidance, positive affect, and gender on the evaluation of and memory for threat-related information varying in degrees of aversiveness and ambiguity. Stimulus material consisted of threatening, nonthreatening, and ambiguous pictures. First, valence ratings of the stimuli were collected. This phase was followed by a first memory test. A second memory test was administered three days later. Memory for aversive information was influenced by cognitive avoidance, positive affect, and gender. Avoiders exhibited a comparatively good memory for aversive information in the first (immediate) test and a very poor memory in the delayed testin…
Avoidant coping style and verbal-cardiovascular response dissociation
1996
Abstract This study explored the relationship between an avoidant coping style and three responses during three experimental periods (i.e., speech preparation, speech delivery, and recovery). One response was cardiovascular reactivity, the two other responses were subjective in nature: self-reports of anxiety and self-estimations of blood pressure. Subjects were 20 male and 20 female students who scored either in the upper third (i.e., high-avoiders) or lower third (i.e., low-avoiders) on cognitive avoidance (Krohne, 1989). When compared to subjects scoring low on avoidance, those high on avoidance showed greater systolic blood pressure (SBP) reactivity and evidenced verbal-autonomic respon…